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23, 42, 0.12);--course-scrollbar:rgba(148, 163, 184, 0.38);--course-scrollbar-menu:rgba(100, 116, 139, 0.34);--course-scrollbar-menu-hover:rgba(71, 85, 105, 0.5);color-scheme:light}:root[data-theme=dark]{--body-background:#2e3440;--body-background-tint:none;--body-font-color:#eceff4;--color-link:#81a1c1;--color-visited-link:#b48ead;--icon-filter:brightness(0) invert(1);--gray-100:#3b4252;--gray-200:#434c5e;--gray-500:#d8dee9;--color-accent-default:#81a1c1;--color-accent-default-tint:rgba(129, 161, 193, 0.1);--color-accent-note:#5e81ac;--color-accent-note-tint:rgba(94, 129, 172, 0.1);--color-accent-tip:#a3be8c;--color-accent-tip-tint:rgba(163, 190, 140, 0.1);--color-accent-important:#b48ead;--color-accent-important-tint:rgba(180, 142, 173, 0.1);--color-accent-warning:#d08770;--color-accent-warning-tint:rgba(208, 135, 112, 0.1);--color-accent-caution:#bf616a;--color-accent-caution-tint:rgba(191, 97, 106, 0.1);--color-accent-info:#5e81ac;--color-accent-info-tint:rgba(94, 129, 172, 0.1);--color-accent-success:#a3be8c;--color-accent-success-tint:rgba(163, 190, 140, 0.1);--color-accent-danger:#bf616a;--color-accent-danger-tint:rgba(191, 97, 106, 0.1);--course-body-bg:#0a0a0a;--course-page-bg:#0a0a0a;--course-page-border:#27272a;--course-text:#e5e5e5;--course-text-strong:#fafafa;--course-heading:#fafafa;--course-title:#fafafa;--course-muted:#a1a1aa;--course-border:#27272a;--course-border-soft:#27272a;--course-rule:#27272a;--course-block-bg:#18181b;--course-block-accent:#60a5fa;--course-code-text:#f4f4f5;--course-code-bg:#27272a;--course-code-border:#3f3f46;--course-code-shadow:#52525b;--course-codeblock-text:#f4f4f5;--course-codeblock-bg:#18181b;--course-codeblock-border:#3f3f46;--course-console-text:#e6edf3;--course-console-bg:#0d1117;--course-console-border:#30363d;--course-c-code-border:#3f3f46;--course-table-text:#e5e5e5;--course-table-bg:#0a0a0a;--course-table-alt:#18181b;--course-table-head:#18181b;--course-table-border:#27272a;--course-menu-text:#d4d4d8;--course-menu-title:#fafafa;--course-menu-muted:#a1a1aa;--course-menu-surface:#0a0a0a;--course-menu-active-bg:#27272a;--course-menu-hover-bg:#18181b;--course-search-bg:#18181b;--course-search-border:#3f3f46;--course-toc-text:#a1a1aa;--course-link:#93c5fd;--course-figure-bg:transparent;--course-theme-toggle-bg:#18181b;--course-theme-toggle-active-bg:#27272a;--course-theme-toggle-active-shadow:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);--course-scrollbar:rgba(148, 163, 184, 0.5);--course-scrollbar-menu:rgba(148, 163, 184, 0.44);--course-scrollbar-menu-hover:rgba(203, 213, 225, 0.58);color-scheme:dark}body{color:var(--course-text);background:var(--course-body-bg);--course-mono-font:"JetBrains Mono", "Cascadia Mono", "SFMono-Regular", Consolas, "Liberation Mono", Menlo, monospace}.container{max-width:112rem;min-width:0}.book-page{min-width:0;padding:0;background:var(--course-page-bg);border-inline:1px solid var(--course-page-border)}.course-article{min-width:0;max-width:58rem;margin:0 auto;padding:3rem 2.75rem 5rem;line-height:1.82}.course-article-header{margin-bottom:2.5rem;padding-bottom:1.5rem;border-bottom:1px solid var(--course-border-soft)}.course-article-header h1{margin:0;color:var(--course-title);font-size:2.25rem;font-weight:750;line-height:1.25}.course-home{padding-top:3.2rem}.course-home-hero{margin-bottom:2.5rem;padding-bottom:2rem;border-bottom:1px solid var(--course-border-soft)}.course-home-kicker{margin:0 0 .65rem;color:var(--course-muted);font-size:.95rem;font-weight:700}.course-home-hero h1{margin:0;max-width:100%;color:var(--course-title);font-size:2.35rem;font-weight:780;line-height:1.2}.course-home-hero p:not(.course-home-kicker){max-width:42rem;margin:1rem 0 0;color:var(--course-text);font-size:1.04rem;line-height:1.72}.course-home-actions{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.7rem;margin-top:1.35rem}.course-home-actions a{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;flex:none;min-height:2.4rem;min-width:9rem;padding:.45rem .8rem;color:var(--course-menu-title);background:var(--course-block-bg);border:1px solid var(--course-border);border-radius:6px;font-weight:700;line-height:1.2}.course-home-actions a:hover{background:var(--course-menu-hover-bg);text-decoration:none}.course-home>h2{margin-top:2.6rem;padding-top:1.8rem;border-top:1px solid var(--course-border-soft)}.course-home>h2:first-of-type{margin-top:0;padding-top:0;border-top:0}.course-home>h3{margin-top:1.45rem;color:var(--course-text-strong);font-size:1.04rem;font-weight:760}.course-home>h3+p{margin-top:.45rem}.course-home>h2+ul,.course-home>h3+ul{padding-inline-start:0;list-style:none}.course-home>h2+ul{display:grid;gap:.55rem}.course-home>h2+ul>li{padding:.65rem .75rem;background:var(--course-block-bg);border:1px solid var(--course-border-soft);border-radius:6px}.course-home>h3+ul{columns:2;column-gap:1.25rem}.course-home>h3+ul>li{break-inside:avoid;margin:0 0 .36rem}.course-home>h3+ul a{display:inline-block;padding:.08rem 0}.markdown h2,.markdown h3,.markdown h4{color:var(--course-heading);font-weight:700;line-height:1.35}.markdown h2{margin-top:2.8rem}.markdown h2:first-of-type{margin-top:0}.markdown p,.markdown li{color:var(--course-text)}.markdown strong{color:var(--course-text-strong)}.markdown blockquote{margin:1.15rem 0 1.45rem;padding:.85rem 1rem;color:var(--course-code-text);background:var(--course-block-bg);border:1px solid var(--course-border);border-left:4px solid var(--course-block-accent);border-radius:6px;font-weight:650}.markdown blockquote p{margin:0}.markdown hr{margin:2.3rem 0 2.1rem;background:var(--course-rule)}.markdown hr+h2{margin-top:0}.markdown img{display:block;max-width:100%;height:auto;margin:1.25rem auto 1.75rem}.markdown img[src$=".svg"]{background:var(--course-figure-bg);border-radius:6px;color-scheme:light}:root[data-theme=light] .markdown img[src$=".svg"]{color-scheme:light}:root[data-theme=dark] .markdown img[src$=".svg"]{color-scheme:dark}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){:root:not([data-theme=light]) .markdown img[src$=".svg"]{color-scheme:dark}}.markdown,.markdown figure,.markdown svg{min-width:0;max-width:100%}.markdown .katex-display{max-width:100%;overflow-x:auto;overflow-y:hidden;padding-bottom:.15rem;scrollbar-width:thin;scrollbar-color:var(--course-scrollbar)transparent}.markdown .katex-display::-webkit-scrollbar{height:8px}.markdown .katex-display::-webkit-scrollbar-track{background:0 0}.markdown .katex-display::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{background-color:var(--course-scrollbar);border:3px solid transparent;border-radius:999px;background-clip:content-box}.markdown table{display:block;width:max-content;max-width:100%;margin:1.15rem 0 1.65rem;overflow-x:auto;color:var(--course-table-text);background:var(--course-table-bg);border:1px solid var(--course-border);border-collapse:separate;border-spacing:0;border-radius:6px;font-size:.96rem;line-height:1.58;white-space:nowrap;scrollbar-width:thin;scrollbar-color:var(--course-scrollbar)transparent}.markdown table::-webkit-scrollbar{height:10px}.markdown table::-webkit-scrollbar-track{background:0 0}.markdown table::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{background-color:var(--course-scrollbar);border:3px solid transparent;border-radius:999px;background-clip:content-box}.markdown table tr{background:var(--course-table-bg)}.markdown table tr:nth-child(2n){background:var(--course-table-alt)}.markdown table tr th,.markdown table tr td{padding:.7rem .95rem;vertical-align:top;border:0;border-right:1px solid var(--course-table-border);border-bottom:1px solid var(--course-table-border);text-align:start;white-space:nowrap}.markdown table tr th{color:var(--course-text-strong);background:var(--course-table-head);font-weight:750}.markdown table tr td:first-child{color:var(--course-code-text);font-weight:650}.markdown table tr th:last-child,.markdown table tr td:last-child{border-right:0}.markdown table tbody tr:last-child td{border-bottom:0}.markdown table :not(pre)>code{padding:.08rem .32rem;color:var(--course-code-text);background:var(--course-code-bg);border-color:var(--course-code-border);border-radius:5px;font-size:.94em;overflow-wrap:normal;word-break:normal}.course-codeblock{max-width:100%;min-width:0;margin:1rem 0 1.25rem}.course-codeblock .highlight{max-width:100%;min-width:0;margin:0}.course-codeblock .highlight pre{margin:0;box-sizing:border-box;border-radius:6px;font-family:var(--course-mono-font);line-height:1.6}.course-codeblock-text .highlight pre{display:inline-block;width:auto;min-width:8rem;max-width:100%;padding:.68rem 1rem;color:var(--course-codeblock-text)!important;background:var(--course-codeblock-bg)!important;border:1px solid var(--course-codeblock-border);box-shadow:none;line-height:1.45;vertical-align:top}.course-codeblock-console .highlight pre{display:block;width:100%;max-width:100%;padding:1rem 1.1rem;overflow-x:auto;color:var(--course-console-text)!important;background:var(--course-console-bg)!important;border:1px solid var(--course-console-border);box-shadow:none;font-size:.92rem;scrollbar-width:thin;scrollbar-color:var(--course-scrollbar)transparent}.course-codeblock-console .highlight pre::-webkit-scrollbar{height:10px}.course-codeblock-console .highlight pre::-webkit-scrollbar-track{background:0 0}.course-codeblock-console .highlight pre::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{background-color:var(--course-scrollbar);border:3px solid transparent;border-radius:999px;background-clip:content-box}.course-codeblock-text .highlight pre code,.course-codeblock-text .highlight pre span,.course-codeblock-console .highlight pre code,.course-codeblock-console .highlight pre span{color:inherit!important;background:0 0!important}.course-codeblock-text .highlight pre code,.course-codeblock-console .highlight pre code{display:inline-block;font-family:inherit}.course-codeblock-text .highlight pre code>span,.course-codeblock-console .highlight pre code>span{display:block!important}.course-codeblock-text .highlight pre code>span>span,.course-codeblock-console .highlight pre code>span>span{display:inline!important}.course-codeblock-c .highlight pre{width:100%;max-width:100%;font-family:var(--course-mono-font);border:1px solid var(--course-c-code-border);box-shadow:none}.markdown :not(pre)>code{padding:.04rem .22rem;color:var(--course-code-text);background:var(--course-code-bg);border:0;border-radius:4px;box-shadow:inset 0 -1px 0 var(--course-code-shadow);font-family:var(--course-mono-font);font-size:.92em}.markdown pre code{color:inherit;background:0 0;border:0;font-family:inherit}.book-footer{max-width:58rem;margin:0 auto;padding:0 2.75rem 3.25rem;color:var(--course-muted);font-size:.95rem}.book-footer .course-footer-nav{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr)auto minmax(0,1fr);align-items:center;gap:.75rem;padding-top:.95rem;border-top:1px solid var(--course-border-soft)}.book-footer .course-footer-slot{display:flex;min-width:0;align-items:center}.book-footer .course-footer-prev{justify-content:flex-start;text-align:left}.book-footer .course-footer-actions{justify-content:center}.book-footer .course-footer-next{justify-content:flex-end}.book-footer .course-footer-nav-link,.book-footer .course-edit-link{display:inline-flex;flex:initial;align-items:center;max-width:100%;gap:.35rem;min-height:0;margin:0;padding:.15rem 0;color:var(--course-link);background:0 0;border:0;border-radius:4px;font-size:.92rem;line-height:1.35;text-decoration:none}.book-footer .course-footer-nav-link{font-weight:500}.book-footer .course-edit-link{font-weight:600;white-space:nowrap}.book-footer .course-footer-nav-link span{min-width:0;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.book-footer .course-footer-prev-link{text-align:left}.book-footer .course-footer-next-link{text-align:right}.book-footer .course-footer-nav-link .book-icon,.book-footer .course-edit-link svg{width:.95rem;height:.95rem;flex:none}.book-footer .course-footer-nav-link:hover,.book-footer .course-edit-link:hover{color:var(--course-link);background:0 0;opacity:1;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:.18em}.book-footer .course-footer-nav-link:focus-visible,.book-footer .course-edit-link:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--color-link);outline-offset:2px}.book-menu{color:var(--course-menu-text)}.book-menu .book-menu-content{padding:1.5rem 1rem;background:var(--course-menu-surface);border-right:1px solid var(--course-page-border);overflow-y:auto;overflow-x:hidden;scrollbar-gutter:auto;scrollbar-width:thin;scrollbar-color:transparent transparent}.book-menu .book-menu-content:hover,.book-menu .book-menu-content:focus-within{scrollbar-color:var(--course-scrollbar-menu)transparent}.book-menu .book-menu-content::-webkit-scrollbar{width:10px}.book-menu .book-menu-content::-webkit-scrollbar-track{background:0 0}.book-menu .book-menu-content::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{background-color:initial;border:3px solid transparent;border-radius:999px;background-clip:content-box}.book-menu .book-menu-content:hover::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb,.book-menu .book-menu-content:focus-within::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{background-color:var(--course-scrollbar-menu)}.book-menu .book-menu-content::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:hover{background-color:var(--course-scrollbar-menu-hover)}.book-brand{display:flex;align-items:center;margin-bottom:1.25rem}.book-brand a{gap:.82rem;min-width:0;flex:1 1 100%;color:var(--course-menu-title);line-height:1.16}.book-brand img{width:2.45rem;height:2.45rem;flex:none}.book-brand-text{display:flex;flex-direction:column;min-width:0}.book-brand-title{font-size:1.2rem;font-weight:780}.book-brand-subtitle{margin-top:.08rem;color:var(--course-menu-muted);font-size:1.02rem;font-weight:650}.book-search input{background:var(--course-search-bg);border-color:var(--course-search-border);border-radius:6px}.course-sidebar-tools{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:.35rem;margin:.25rem 0 .72rem}.course-sidebar-search{margin-bottom:1.25rem}.course-sidebar-search .book-search{margin:0}.course-sidebar-tools .course-icon-link,.course-sidebar-tools .course-theme-toggle{flex:none}.book-menu nav a{padding:.32rem .5rem;border-radius:6px;line-height:1.35}.book-menu nav a[href]:hover{background:var(--course-menu-hover-bg);opacity:1}.book-menu nav a.active{color:var(--course-menu-title);background:var(--course-menu-active-bg);font-weight:700}.book-section-flat>a,.book-section-flat>span,.book-section-flat>label{color:var(--course-menu-title);font-weight:750}.course-menu-groups{margin-top:1.25rem}.course-menu-group{margin:1.35rem 0}.course-menu-group:first-child{margin-top:0}.course-menu-group-title{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:.45rem;padding:.25rem .5rem .35rem;color:var(--course-menu-title);font-weight:750;line-height:1.35}.course-menu-group-title .book-icon{width:1em;height:1em;flex:none;color:var(--course-menu-text)}.course-menu-group>ul{padding-inline-start:0}.course-menu-group>ul>li>a{padding-inline-start:1.95rem}.book-toc{color:var(--course-toc-text)}.book-toc .book-toc-content{padding-top:1.6rem}.book-toc nav a{padding:.27rem 0;line-height:1.35}.book-toc nav a[href]{color:var(--course-link)}.course-icon-link,.course-theme-toggle{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:2.25rem;height:2.25rem;padding:0;margin:0;color:var(--course-menu-text);background:0 0;border:0;border-radius:6px;cursor:pointer;font:inherit;line-height:1}.course-icon-link{text-decoration:none}.course-icon-link svg{display:block;width:1.24rem;height:1.24rem}.course-icon-link:hover,.course-theme-toggle:hover{color:var(--course-menu-title);background:var(--course-menu-hover-bg);opacity:1;text-decoration:none}.course-theme-toggle[aria-pressed=true]{color:var(--course-menu-title);background:0 0;box-shadow:none}.course-icon-link:focus-visible,.course-theme-toggle:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--color-link);outline-offset:2px}.course-theme-icon{display:block;width:1.25rem;height:1.25rem}.course-theme-icon svg{display:block;width:100%;height:100%}.course-theme-icon-sun{display:none}.course-theme-toggle[data-resolved-theme=dark] .course-theme-icon-moon{display:none}.course-theme-toggle[data-resolved-theme=dark] .course-theme-icon-sun{display:block}.book-header{margin-bottom:0;color:var(--course-menu-title)}.course-mobile-header{display:grid;grid-template-columns:2.25rem minmax(0,1fr)auto 2.25rem;align-items:center;gap:.55rem;padding:.75rem 1.15rem .65rem;background:var(--course-page-bg);border-bottom:1px solid var(--course-border-soft)}.course-mobile-header>label{display:inline-flex;width:2.25rem;height:2.25rem;align-items:center;justify-content:center;border-radius:6px;color:var(--course-menu-title);cursor:pointer}.course-mobile-header>label:hover{background:var(--course-menu-hover-bg)}.course-mobile-header>label .book-icon{width:1.4rem;height:1.4rem}.course-mobile-header h3{min-width:0;margin:0;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;font-size:1rem;font-weight:650}.course-mobile-header .course-theme-toggle{margin:0}.book-header>aside{color:var(--course-menu-text);background:var(--course-page-bg)}@media screen and (max-width:56rem){.book-header{position:sticky;top:0;z-index:40;background:var(--course-page-bg);box-shadow:0 1px 0 var(--course-border-soft)}.book-header>aside{position:absolute;top:calc(100% + .35rem);right:1rem;left:auto;width:22rem;max-width:calc(100% - 2rem);max-height:28rem;max-height:min(28rem,calc(100vh - 5rem));padding:.65rem;overflow-y:auto;overflow-x:hidden;background:var(--course-page-bg);border:1px solid var(--course-border-soft);border-radius:8px;box-shadow:0 16px 40px rgba(15,23,42,.14);scrollbar-width:thin;scrollbar-color:var(--course-scrollbar)transparent}.book-header>aside::-webkit-scrollbar{width:10px}.book-header>aside::-webkit-scrollbar-track{background:0 0}.book-header>aside::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{background-color:var(--course-scrollbar);border:3px solid transparent;border-radius:999px;background-clip:content-box}.book-header>aside nav>ul{margin:0}.book-header>aside nav ul ul{padding-inline-start:1rem}.book-header>aside nav a{display:block;padding:.36rem .45rem;color:var(--course-link);border-radius:6px;font-size:.95rem;line-height:1.38}.book-header>aside nav a[href]:hover{background:var(--course-menu-hover-bg);text-decoration:none}#toc-control:checked~main .course-mobile-header label[for=toc-control]{background:var(--course-menu-active-bg)}}@media screen and (max-width:80rem){.book-page{border-inline:0}.course-article{max-width:none;padding:2rem 1.25rem 4rem}.book-footer{max-width:none;padding:0 1.25rem 3rem}.course-article-header h1{font-size:1.85rem}.course-home{padding-top:2rem}}@media screen and (max-width:72rem){.book-toc{display:none}}@media screen and (max-width:40rem){.course-article{padding:1.6rem 1.15rem 3.5rem;line-height:1.76}.book-footer{padding:0 1.15rem 2.75rem}.book-footer .course-footer-nav{gap:.45rem}.course-article-header{margin-bottom:2rem;padding-bottom:1.2rem}.course-article-header h1{font-size:1.7rem}.course-home-hero{margin-bottom:2rem;padding-bottom:1.45rem}.course-home-hero h1{font-size:1.85rem}.course-home-hero p:not(.course-home-kicker){font-size:1rem}.course-home-actions{flex-direction:column}.course-home-actions a{width:100%}.course-home>h2+ul,.course-home>h3+ul{display:block;columns:auto}.markdown h2{margin-top:2.35rem;font-size:1.45rem}.markdown h3{font-size:1.16rem}.markdown :not(pre)>code{overflow-wrap:anywhere}.course-codeblock-text .highlight pre,.course-codeblock-console .highlight pre{width:100%;min-width:0}}:root{--body-background:white;--body-background-tint:none;--body-font-color:black;--color-link:#0055bb;--color-visited-link:#5500bb;--icon-filter:none;--gray-100:#f8f9fa;--gray-200:#e9ecef;--gray-500:#adb5bd;--color-accent-default:#64748b;--color-accent-default-tint:rgba(100, 116, 139, 0.1);--color-accent-note:#4486dd;--color-accent-note-tint:rgba(68, 134, 221, 0.1);--color-accent-tip:#3bad3b;--color-accent-tip-tint:rgba(59, 173, 59, 0.1);--color-accent-important:#8144dd;--color-accent-important-tint:rgba(129, 68, 221, 0.1);--color-accent-warning:#f59e42;--color-accent-warning-tint:rgba(245, 158, 66, 0.1);--color-accent-caution:#d84747;--color-accent-caution-tint:rgba(216, 71, 71, 0.1);--color-accent-info:#4486dd;--color-accent-info-tint:rgba(68, 134, 221, 0.1);--color-accent-success:#3bad3b;--color-accent-success-tint:rgba(59, 173, 59, 0.1);--color-accent-danger:#d84747;--color-accent-danger-tint:rgba(216, 71, 71, 0.1)}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){:root{--body-background:#2e3440;--body-background-tint:none;--body-font-color:#eceff4;--color-link:#81a1c1;--color-visited-link:#b48ead;--icon-filter:brightness(0) invert(1);--gray-100:#3b4252;--gray-200:#434c5e;--gray-500:#d8dee9;--color-accent-default:#81a1c1;--color-accent-default-tint:rgba(129, 161, 193, 0.1);--color-accent-note:#5e81ac;--color-accent-note-tint:rgba(94, 129, 172, 0.1);--color-accent-tip:#a3be8c;--color-accent-tip-tint:rgba(163, 190, 140, 0.1);--color-accent-important:#b48ead;--color-accent-important-tint:rgba(180, 142, 173, 0.1);--color-accent-warning:#d08770;--color-accent-warning-tint:rgba(208, 135, 112, 0.1);--color-accent-caution:#bf616a;--color-accent-caution-tint:rgba(191, 97, 106, 0.1);--color-accent-info:#5e81ac;--color-accent-info-tint:rgba(94, 129, 172, 0.1);--color-accent-success:#a3be8c;--color-accent-success-tint:rgba(163, 190, 140, 0.1);--color-accent-danger:#bf616a;--color-accent-danger-tint:rgba(191, 97, 106, 0.1)}}